How many aspects are there in the processing technology of metal materials?

The adaptability of metals to various processing methods is called process performance, which mainly includes the following four aspects: 1) cutting performance: reflecting the difficulty of using cutting tools (such as turning, milling, planing, grinding, etc.) to cut metal materials. 2) Forgability: Reflects the difficulty of forming metal materials during pressure processing, such as the level of plasticity (manifested as the resistance to plastic deformation) when the material is heated to a certain temperature, the temperature range allowed for hot pressure processing, the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction, as well as the boundaries of critical deformation related to microstructure and mechanical properties, the fluidity and thermal conductivity of the metal during hot deformation, etc. 3) Castability: Reflects the difficulty of melting and casting metal materials into castings, manifested in fluidity, gas absorption, oxidation, melting point in the molten state, uniformity and density of casting microstructure, and cold shrinkage rate. 4) Weldability: Reflects the difficulty of metal materials being rapidly heated locally, resulting in rapid melting or semi melting of the bonding area (requiring pressure), so as to firmly bond the bonding area and form a whole. It is manifested in melting point, gas absorption during melting, oxidation, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion and contraction characteristics, plasticity, correlation with the microstructure of the joint and nearby materials, and impact on mechanical properties.